We are hackers, we won't do as you expect or play by your rules, and we certainly don't trust you. JAR files are really ZIPs...unzip them! So are Microsoft's DOCX, XLSX, PPTX, etc. Let's open them up! macOS applications (.app "files") are really directories you can browse?! Sweet, let's do that.
Less well known but similarly prevalent are Flat Package Mac OS X Installer (.pkg) files. These are actually XAR archives that, among other things, contain many plaintext files (including shell, Perl, and Python scripts) as cpio files compressed using gzip.
In this presentation I'll walk you through extracting the contents of these installer packages, understanding their structure, and seeing how they work while highlighting where security issues can come up. To drive the point home of what can go wrong, I'll include examples of serious security issues I've seen in the wild and show you how they can be exploited to elevate privileges and gain code/command execution.
After this talk, .pkg files will no longer be opaque blobs to you. You'll walk away knowing tools and techniques to tear them open, understand how to evaluate what they're really doing on your computer, and a methodology for finding bugs in them. As a final bonus, I'll include a subtle trick or two that can be used on red teams.