Zac Franken recently retired from 20 years as the Operations Director of DefCon. Zac’s research focuses on embedded systems security, access control systems, and biometric devices, and he has spoken and trained at information security conferences in Europe and the US publicly and for private and governmental audiences. He is responsible for identifying major vulnerabilities in various access control and biometric systems, and has a passion for creating devices that emulate access control tokens either electronic, physical, or biometric. Zac has been responsible both directly and indirectly for changing access control standards for several Western governments.